家用小汽车的大保养周期一般是每1万或每12个月，具体周期可能因车型、使用情况和厂家建议而有所不同。以下是一些常见的保养项目：
The major maintenance cycle for household cars is generally every 10000 kilometers or 12 months, and the specific cycle may vary depending on the model, usage, and manufacturer's recommendations. Here are some common maintenance items:
1. 更换机油和机滤：定期更换机油和机滤是保持发动机正常运转的重要步骤。
1. Changing the engine oil and oil filter: Regularly changing the engine oil and oil filter is an important step in maintaining normal engine operation.
2. 更换空气滤清器：空气滤清器可以阻止灰尘和杂质进入发动机，保持空气流通畅。
2. Replace the air filter: The air filter can prevent dust and impurities from entering the engine, maintaining smooth air circulation.
3. 更换燃油滤清器：燃油滤清器可以过滤燃油中的杂质，确保燃油供应的干净。
3. Replace fuel filter: The fuel filter can filter out impurities in the fuel, ensuring a clean fuel supply.
4. 更换火花塞：火花塞是点火系统的关键部件，定期更换可以保证点火效果良好。
4. Replace spark plugs: Spark plugs are a key component of the ignition system, and regular replacement can ensure good ignition performance.
5. 更换刹车片和制动液：刹车片磨损后需要更换，同时检查制动液的水分含量并根据需要更换。
5. Replace brake pads and brake fluid: After the brake pads are worn, they need to be replaced. At the same time, check the moisture content of the brake fluid and replace it as needed.
6. 更换变速箱油（自动挡车辆）：自动挡车辆需要定期更换变速箱油以保持正常的换挡操作。
6. Change transmission oil (automatic transmission vehicles): Automatic transmission vehicles require regular replacement of transmission oil to maintain normal shifting operations.
7. 检查悬挂系统和轮胎：检查悬挂系统的磨损和轮胎的磨损程度，并进行必要的调整和更换。
7. Check the suspension system and tires: Check the wear of the suspension system and tires, and make necessary adjustments and replacements.
8. 检查电池和电路系统：检查电池的电量和电路系统的正常工作，确保电器设备正常运行。
8. Check the battery and circuit system: Check the battery level and the normal operation of the circuit system to ensure the normal operation of electrical equipment.
9. 检查冷却液和散热系统：检查冷却液的水平和质量，并清洁或更换散热系统中的杂质。
9. Check the coolant and cooling system: Check the level and quality of the coolant, and clean or replace any impurities in the cooling system.
10. 检查传动系统和转向系统：检查传动系统和转向系统的工作状态，确保顺畅操作。
10. Check the transmission and steering systems: Check the working status of the transmission and steering systems to ensure smooth operation.
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